Arduino: Introduction to Arduino and it's types

Arduino

Introduction to Arduino. Arduino is the open-source programming device that is used to built digital devices. Arduino board is the only device that is automated and has the function of the AI system. Basically, it was built for making the practical work for the student. This board is found commercially in the market. It can be bought through the digital market as well.

• Which software is used to program the Arduino?
To program this device we should have the knowledge of mainly two or more programming languages and software. The two main languages and software are: C programming and Java programming and many other software and languages.this board have its own capacity and accuracy to control the controllers and microprocessors and many other things as well.

•What is the Arduino IDE?

Arduino IDE is the software that is used to program this device. To run this board with multiple functions and capacity we should have its official shields and controllers. Arduino Projects are the most attractive and intelligent because of programming. Some of the functions of it include robots, bots, moon-bots, avoiding robots, repeating robots, line-following robots, and many others. Some of the devices are also often used in military force as well.

Arduino 2021 has many updated functions inside it. In 2021 the GNU company has created some optional features on Arduino. As we already know that Arduino is the programmable device. It was named from the bar in the place of Ivrea. To make any simple Arduino projects we should have a better knowledge of Arduino and its types.

Arduino Projects can be made within an hour easily if we concentrate properly. Here are some of the latest modules and latest design of Arduino with full detail and questions containing answers are presented below:

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Arduino Uno

a. What is Arduino UNO? how can we learn it?

↳ Arduino Uno is the open-source small microcontroller that can read the command and follow the command that is used in their source code. It was produced by the company Arduino.cc. As we know that it was built for students to clear about the robotics commanding system.

Inside this board, there is the huge Integrated circuit (ATmega328P) which acts as the main controller and the storage device and place for the data storing or programming source code storing. In this board, the USB serial converter chip is used to communicate with many devices and transfer or compile the coding software into the IC of Arduino Uno. Many passive components were used in it that make the board work.

We can learn it in the basic and in an advanced way as well. To learn about it we should follow the following procedure to learn it that can help you in understanding the mechanism of the Arduino Uno. They are presented below:

we should do research on the internet on the topic of Arduino Uno.
To program this device you should need any sketch or any source code for programming the board.
The exact power supply for this board is 12V not more than this.
we can hire the software vendor or expert to build the program for your board related to your project source code.
To program this device by own we should learn the programming language like Java, Python, c programming, or there as well but we recommend you to learn python and java programming.
we can buy the Arduino book in the market for full detail.
To learn it completely you have to continuously work in the project of Arduino.
To learn it we should know about other shields and sensor which are responsive to it.
We can visit the official site of the Arduino foundation company. For needed sketches that are needed for you.

b. What is the function of ICSP in Arduino Uno?
↳The full form of ICSP stands for In-Circuit Serial Programming. There is a great role in the functioning of the Arduino Uno. It is the basic part of commanding the board. It has ATmega328P in the middle of it which plays a great role in programming. this board has the USB port which stands for Universal Serial Bus.

It converts the command or source code into a 2D format in which this device read those command. we can manually change the working principle of the board by programming it by our own sketch or source code. As we know that Arduino stores its data in Arduino flash memory.

This is the main and basic thing which is used on this board. If we want to program the board and change the working function or if you want to change the command we should use the ICSP by connecting with PC or mobile phone or any other programming device.

When we hold the reset button our board does not work because the data or the program will be deleted. To transfer the program we have to need ICSP so it is most important in the better functioning of the Arduino Uno. Even we can upload the program anywhere or we can use it for storing the software.

c. What are the advantages of Arduino UNO?
↳ There are many advantages of using Arduino UNO. Some of them are as follows:

The cost or price of this device is very cheap in the market we can find it about 3$-10$ easily internationally as well.
It has its many version which is updated and modified according to their version which can really help to improve it.
We can program this board by any devices like Windows, Mac, Linux, Android, and many other devices as well.
The required library for Arduino Uno can be found easily in the official site of Arduino.cc.

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2. Arduino Nano

a. What is Arduino Nano?

↳ Arduino Nano is the small Arduino board type circuit that is dependent on ATmega328P and ATmega628 integrated circuit (IC) which are also a microcontroller. It was formulated as the design and the similar function of Arduino Uno. It was characterized in the small size and is more reliable, predictable, and responsible to use and it is light in weight as well. So it is a cheap board for the projects, especially for the lightweight needed projects.

To program this device we need to have to download the Arduino IDE programming software in the PC or the device by which you are going to program the Arduino Nano. to program this board we need to have the little scale port for ICSP in these types of board. These small scale port helps us to upload the sketch or the source code for the project.

b. What components are needed to control two motors through android with Arduino Nano?

↳ As we know that we need to have an android phone having Bluetooth app for the android and also should have a Bluetooth module like the HC-05 to attach or to reconnect to the Arduino Nano serial, a motor driver or shield, batteries, and motors. We should have the proper and faster wifi connection with wifi module like esp8266 and also we should need a proper power supply facility for the shields and different motors to operate.

c.What kind of solar panel can power an Arduino nano?

↳Mostly we want our Arduino may work without power supply. the solar panel is used to fulfill the required power supply. we can not use it in the rainy season and in cloudy weather. It is a solar-powered power supply system. It is better to attach the optional battery for emergency cases.

We can use the rechargeable battery like lipo battery for Arduino . as we know that Arduino content its own Arduino charging circuit and modules which is term as Arduino Fio. Using an Arduino Fio for charging is a challenge because it interfaces with programming the Arduino Nano. As we know that the USB Jack of Arduino nano is used to upload the sketch or the specific needed source code. But in the USB jack of Arduino Fio is used to charge the Arduino nano only.

We must be required to use one of the repeatedly available FTDI cables or programmer which can be able to program the nano directly. In place of the solar panels, We should have an open-circuit voltage at least 1.5 times the voltage of Arduino nano that you are going to use for. the best reason for this is that the output current falls dramatically from the high and maximum power point of the voltage.

The voltage can be produce at the rated output until cell voltage reaches the open-circuit voltage. the panel which can produce 6volts with no load produces the rated wattage at approximately which is exactly 4.2 volts. Maximum and high power of the voltage. if you have the 5 volts using Arduino you are recommended to use approximately 7.5 volts power supply for the Arduino nano.

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3. Arduino Mega

a. What is Arduino mega?
↳ Arduino Mega is the single boarded microcontroller which is mainly useful for the heavy and powerful projects. Arduino Mega is the top-level Arduino which has much more functioning and has many optional featuring. With the help of this device, we can make heavy projects which can work faster and comfortable. Arduino Maga is very expensive in the market so it has become a rare product among the different modules and types of Arduino.

Arduino Mega has many edges to attach the electronic stuff. it is bigger in size compared to other Arduino because it has many female pins which make it easier to load or upload the program and source code. It can be connected to a computer by USB which helps to upload the sketch. As we already know that the company of Arduino IDE software has provided the software for rebuilding and uploading the sketches to the Arduino modules.

The Arduino Mega is the part of the family of the Arduino micro-computers.we can find many different modules and designs according to their functioning and verities of the size. the main peripheral thing is that the Arduino Mega has the bulb to introduced the easiest way then it can be helpful for the students and for other users of Arduino.

b. What is the software to operate the Arduino Mega kit?

↳ The required software for this Arduino Mega is Arduino IDE software which we can download from arduino.cc. it is more help full to download the genuine version of the Arduino IDE software so we have to download it from the official site. To operate the Arduino Mega kit can be easily operated by the help of the Arduino IDE software to upload the source code or the sketch that is compiled.

If we download the software Arduino IDE software from other spam or unauthorized website then it can temporarily damage the Arduino Mega kit. So if we want the Arduino IDE software for uploading the program then we should download the original software it can be better for sketching the Arduino Mega kit.

As we already know that all the modules and the design of the Arduino have the same USB serial port to interconnect with pc or other devices to upload the program. so the USB serial port in the certain Arduino board is very important to run the specific project of Arduino according to the source code and sketch which can be known as the programming language and the user command as well.

c. What type of memory is used to store programs on the Arduino Mega?

↳ As we already know that Arduino has many different modules and designs containing the own storage and their capacity for storage. In Arduino Mega also there is the storage integrated Circuit which plays a great and important role to capture and to store the source code or the sketch given or uploaded by the PC or other devices.

We know that the Microcontrollers such as AVR which uses architecture for their required processers. rather than the von Neumann Architecture. The reason is that the program memory does not need to be required to be quickly and easily writable, Rather then the SRAM the Flash memory can be made easily.

As we can find the SRAM in it already in it but it is smaller in size in comparison to program memory. Sram is used for scratchpad in the Arduino Mega kit. The flash memory used in this board is made from titanium which has a high storage capacity to store the program in it.

But it is a little different from others because the size and shape of the storage IC were different the shape and size were in a square shape with multiple pins and it has smaller in size than in comparison to other Arduino that makes this board faster and comfortable and other features as well.

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4. Arduino Lily pad